Articles

Plain-English guidance and original data studies on web-accessibility law — what it requires, who's enforcing it, and how to comply.

• consent-tracking Gardening And Plant Shops Online & Consent: We Tested 7 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  14% of the 7 gardening and plant shops online we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• Data Study Tool And Hardware Stores Online Accessibility: We Tested 7 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  43% of the 7 tool and hardware stores online we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• consent-tracking Tool And Hardware Stores Online & Consent: We Tested 9 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  56% of the 9 tool and hardware stores online we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• Data Study Tire Retailers Online Accessibility: We Tested 10 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  60% of the 10 tire retailers online we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• consent-tracking Tire Retailers Online & Consent: We Tested 9 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  78% of the 9 tire retailers online we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• Data Study Auto Parts Retailers Online Accessibility: We Tested 8 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  38% of the 8 auto parts retailers online we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• consent-tracking Auto Parts Retailers Online & Consent: We Tested 10 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  30% of the 10 auto parts retailers online we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• Data Study Hunting And Fishing Supply Stores Accessibility: We Tested 6 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  83% of the 6 hunting and fishing supply stores we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• consent-tracking Hunting And Fishing Supply Stores & Consent: We Tested 6 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  33% of the 6 hunting and fishing supply stores we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• consent-tracking Outdoor And Camping Gear Stores & Consent: We Tested 5 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  0% of the 5 outdoor and camping gear stores we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• Data Study Bicycle Shops Online Accessibility: We Tested 7 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  86% of the 7 bicycle shops online we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• consent-tracking Bicycle Shops Online & Consent: We Tested 7 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  43% of the 7 bicycle shops online we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• consent-tracking Yoga And Activewear Brands & Consent: We Tested 4 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  25% of the 4 yoga and activewear brands we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• consent-tracking Supplement And Protein Shops & Consent: We Tested 8 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  13% of the 8 supplement and protein shops we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• Data Study Fitness Equipment Stores Accessibility: We Tested 8 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  75% of the 8 fitness equipment stores we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• consent-tracking Fitness Equipment Stores & Consent: We Tested 6 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  50% of the 6 fitness equipment stores we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• consent-tracking Drone Retailers Online & Consent: We Tested 7 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  14% of the 7 drone retailers online we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• consent-tracking Camera And Photography Stores & Consent: We Tested 5 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  60% of the 5 camera and photography stores we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• consent-tracking Computer Parts Retailers & Consent: We Tested 7 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  57% of the 7 computer parts retailers we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• Data Study Computer Parts Retailers Accessibility: We Tested 7 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  71% of the 7 computer parts retailers we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• consent-tracking Phone Case Retailers & Consent: We Tested 5 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  20% of the 5 phone case retailers we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• Data Study Electronics Accessory Stores Accessibility: We Tested 3 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  67% of the 3 electronics accessory stores we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Musical Instrument Retailers Accessibility: We Tested 9 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  89% of the 9 musical instrument retailers we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• consent-tracking Musical Instrument Retailers & Consent: We Tested 7 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  43% of the 7 musical instrument retailers we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• consent-tracking Vinyl Record Stores Online & Consent: We Tested 4 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  0% of the 4 vinyl record stores online we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• Data Study Online Bookstores Accessibility: We Tested 5 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  20% of the 5 online bookstores we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• consent-tracking Online Bookstores & Consent: We Tested 5 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  60% of the 5 online bookstores we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• Data Study Art Print And Poster Stores Accessibility: We Tested 8 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  50% of the 8 art print and poster stores we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Stationery And Greeting Card Shops Accessibility: We Tested 3 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  33% of the 3 stationery and greeting card shops we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Gift Basket Companies Accessibility: We Tested 6 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  50% of the 6 gift basket companies we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Online Flower Delivery Services Accessibility: We Tested 9 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  44% of the 9 online flower delivery services we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Cigar Retailers Online Accessibility: We Tested 7 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  43% of the 7 cigar retailers online we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• consent-tracking Cigar Retailers Online & Consent: We Tested 9 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  67% of the 9 cigar retailers online we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• Data Study Vape And E-Cigarette Shops Accessibility: We Tested 8 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  75% of the 8 vape and e-cigarette shops we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Meal Kit Delivery Services Accessibility: We Tested 5 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  60% of the 5 meal kit delivery services we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• consent-tracking Chocolate And Candy Stores & Consent: We Tested 6 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  67% of the 6 chocolate and candy stores we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• Data Study Specialty Food Shops Online Accessibility: We Tested 8 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  88% of the 8 specialty food shops online we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Tea Retailers Online Accessibility: We Tested 9 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  67% of the 9 tea retailers online we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Online Coffee Roasters Accessibility: We Tested 5 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  40% of the 5 online coffee roasters we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• consent-tracking Pet Supply Stores Online & Consent: We Tested 7 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  57% of the 7 pet supply stores online we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• Data Study Baby Product Retailers Accessibility: We Tested 5 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  80% of the 5 baby product retailers we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• consent-tracking Baby Product Retailers & Consent: We Tested 4 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  50% of the 4 baby product retailers we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• Data Study Online Toy Stores Accessibility: We Tested 7 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  57% of the 7 online toy stores we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• consent-tracking Online Toy Stores & Consent: We Tested 5 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  40% of the 5 online toy stores we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• Data Study Lighting Stores Online Accessibility: We Tested 7 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  57% of the 7 lighting stores online we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• consent-tracking Lighting Stores Online & Consent: We Tested 8 Sites for Pre-Consent Tracking

  25% of the 8 lighting stores online we tested fired third-party trackers before consent — the CIPA/VPPA/GDPR footprint. See the data, the most common trackers, and the cleanest sites.

• consent-tracking Does a Cookie Consent Banner Actually Protect You? Often Not.

  Most websites assume a cookie banner makes them compliant. In practice, many banners load alongside the trackers they're meant to gate — so the trackers still fire before consent. Here's why that's the #1 real-world failure, and how to fix it.

• cipa-watch Is Your Website a CIPA 'Wiretapping' Lawsuit Target?

  A wave of CIPA 'wiretapping' lawsuits targets ordinary business websites for loading tracking pixels, session-replay, and chat widgets before visitors consent. Here's what CIPA is, why your site may be exposed, and how to fix it.

• Data Study Rug Retailers Online Accessibility: We Tested 8 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  63% of the 8 rug retailers online we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• vppa-watch The VPPA Video-Pixel Lawsuit Wave: Why a Meta Pixel on a Page With Video Is a Target

  A 1988 video-privacy law is now the basis for a fast-growing wave of lawsuits against websites that run a marketing pixel on pages with video. Here's the VPPA footprint plaintiffs look for, why it carries $2,500-per-violation damages, and how to break it.

• Data Study Kitchenware And Cookware Shops Accessibility: We Tested 5 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  80% of the 5 kitchenware and cookware shops we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Furniture Stores Online Accessibility: We Tested 8 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  63% of the 8 furniture stores online we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Online Mattress Companies Accessibility: We Tested 5 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  60% of the 5 online mattress companies we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study CBD And Wellness Shops Accessibility: We Tested 8 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  88% of the 8 CBD and wellness shops we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Perfume And Fragrance Shops Accessibility: We Tested 9 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  44% of the 9 perfume and fragrance shops we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Skincare Brands Online Accessibility: We Tested 3 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  67% of the 3 skincare brands online we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Cosmetics And Makeup Stores Accessibility: We Tested 6 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  67% of the 6 cosmetics and makeup stores we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Watch Retailers Online Accessibility: We Tested 7 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  86% of the 7 watch retailers online we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Jewelry Stores Online Accessibility: We Tested 10 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  70% of the 10 jewelry stores online we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Swimwear Brands Accessibility: We Tested 4 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  50% of the 4 swimwear brands we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Plus Size Clothing Stores Accessibility: We Tested 3 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  67% of the 3 plus size clothing stores we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• Data Study Online Women's Fashion Boutiques Accessibility: We Tested 5 Sites Against WCAG 2.1 AA

  60% of the 5 online women's fashion boutiques we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• EAA & Compliance The European Accessibility Act: Who It Covers and What It Requires

  The European Accessibility Act became enforceable on 28 June 2025. If you sell to consumers in the EU, it likely applies to you — even if your business isn't in Europe. Here's the scope and the standard.

• How to Fix It The 5 Most Common WCAG Failures (and How to Fix Each)

  Almost every website fails the same handful of WCAG checks — and they're the ones automated lawsuit scanners look for. Here are the five most common failures and exactly how to fix each.

• Data Study Web Accessibility Statistics: We Tested the Top 12 Websites

  8% of the 12 popular websites we tested fail WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility checks. See the data, the most common failures, and the most accessible sites.

• ADA Lawsuit Watch What Does an ADA Website Lawsuit Actually Cost?

  ADA website-accessibility lawsuits settle for low-to-mid five figures — but the settlement is only part of the bill. Here's the real cost of a claim versus the cost of complying, based on 2025 filing data.

• Overlays, Honestly Do Accessibility Overlays Protect You From Lawsuits? The 2025 Data Says No.

  In 2025, 983 US businesses were sued over web accessibility while already running an accessibility overlay or widget. Overlays don't confer legal protection — here's what the lawsuit data shows, and what actually reduces your exposure.